Coke oven battery



Feb. 8, 1,938. c. v. McxNTlRE COKE OVEN BATTERY Filed Feb. 9, 1934 5R15* aya] 9p/5 zt/.90d

Feb. 8, 1938. c. v. MCINTIRE COKE OVEN BATTERY Filed Feb. V9, 1934 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTOR ATTORNEY l//// Y m%\\ m2 mm M A a M Q Q N v No. uw @I e N m 49, f #i w EN Feb. 8, 1938. C. V. MclNTlRE 2,107,642

COKE OVEN BATTERY Filed Feb. 9, 1934 3 Sheets-Sheet 3 BYgM ,614 l ATTORNEY 10 by-produpt coke oven Patented Feb. 8, 1938 PATENT OFFICE COKE OVEN BATTERY Charles V. Mclntire, Short Hills, N. J., asslgnor to Semct- Solvay Engineering New York, N. Y.,

Corporation,

a corporation of New York Application February 9, 1934, Serial No. 710,445

6 Claims.

Thisinventlon relates to coke ovens, and more particularly, to so-called vertically ilued combination by-product coke ovens arranged to burn in the vertical ilues flanking the coking chambers either lean gas, such as producer or blast furnace gas, which for emcient operation requires preheating, or ricli gas, such as coke oven gas, which requires no preheating.

One object of this invention is to provide a designed to accurately control the quantity of air fed to the regenerators communicating with the combustion fiues, as well as the percentage of inert diluent gas introduced into the combustion ilues to eiect the combustion of a rich gas, such as coke oven gas, in long flames throughout the flues resulting in uniform heating of the heating walls.

Another object of this invention is to provide a procedure for introducing air under pressure 20 into the inow regenerators of a coke oven battery and employing the suction created by the introduction of the air through aspirators to effect the flow of products of combustion into the regenerators and thence into the combusy tion ues.

Other objects and advantages will appear from the following detailed description.

It has been proposed to supply a neutral gaseous diluent to the ilues of 'a' coke' 'oven battery for the purpose of lengthening the llame so as to equalize temperature `conditions `throughout a maximum area of theA heating wall` and prevent intense heat concentration inf-localizedfportions of the walls. zag horizontally flued coke oven, ,inI which "gases burn with almost uniform intensity throughout a series of horizontal ilue's, eachof whlchis approximately forty feet long ,iinvolvessuch operation, uniform heat'ing beingobt'a'ined because-L of the presence ofa larger excessofproductsfof combustion in the gas"'streamloviing'` through the ues. PatentN0s. `1',176,066"ai1d 1,176,067,

of March 21, 1916,"toKloppersfdisclosesuch operation in connection ywitha vertically iluedy coke oven battery. Injtheovnoi they Koppers patents, it will be mitekithatV the mixture` of air and products ot combustiorifrom 'theehlmney ilues ilow into4 the 'regenerators through "the same wind boxes as the productsfoi'l'combustion'y from the regeneratorsfflow#into thechim'ney flues. Furthermore, the="'ilow`f 'ofthe 1 -iniitturev 'of air and products of'fcombustion intov'theregenerators is effected by the control fof`the`sa`me dampers or valveswhichfire'gulatef f the reverse' ilow of products of combustion from the regen- The well known y,Semeli-"Solvay zi'g- Koppers patents, itwas not possible to obtain effective control of the volume of air and diluent gas introduced into and through the regenerators into the combustion flues.

In accordance with this invention, the air is introduced under pressure which may be of the order of three inches water gauge and is metered through a regulating valve or orifice.

individual to each regenerator before being mixed with products of combustion so that each regenerator can be supplied with its exact requirements of air. 'I'he air flows to each regenerator through an 4aspirator which effects the flow of products of combustion to the regenerator. By adjusting the aspirator mechanism, each of which is individual to an inflow regenerator, a desired controlled volume of products of combustion can .be fed to the regenerator. Hence, this invention permits the accurate control of the quantity of air, as well as `the percentage of diluent neutral gasv introduced into each regenerator. g 1 p 1 l In the accompanying drawings, forminga part of this speciiication and-showing forpurposes cf'exemplificationa preferred form of this pinvention without limitingthe `claimed invention to fsuch illustrative:instance:` y, 1 Fig; 15is a crosswise verticalsectionthrough a coke; ovenybattery embodying the improvement of 'the present invention, the view ,being taken longitudinally through aA heating wall andfregenerators and ina plane indicated by,the;line of Fig. 2; f l Fig. 2 iso a fragmentary vertical` section through a coke: oven battery taken longitudinallyV of the battery inv a plane, passingv through the chargingopenings leading into the coking chamber and takenon line 2-2 of Fig. l11; and 1 n A Fig. lBisa horizontal-section through awoke oven -batteryjtaken `longitudinallyy of the battery inaplane indicated by .thev line 3 5-loing. 24. .1. In ythe preferred ,embodiment illustrated.: on the drawings;thei-inventionnis shown incorpof rated in,l sa combination' `coke oven" rbatteryflgand the pre'sentdescription will rbe `conned` tothe l present1illustratedtembodiment of they invention e. g., flow of products connecting that the novel features and improvements are susceptible to other applications, such for example as vertically flued coke ovens in which the ilues are not' arranged in four groups, as in the case of the oven shown on the drawings. Hence, the scope of this invention is not confined to the embodiment herein described.

In the drawings, referring to Figs. 1 and 2, there is shown a combination by-product coke oven embodying in its construction a plurality of heating walls I2 and a plurality of intermediate crosswise extending horizontally elongated coking chambers I3. The heating walls form the side vwalls of the respective coking chambers, the heating walls and the coking chambers, together with the superstructure of the oven battery, being ysupported by massive supporting walls I4 positioned directly beneath the heating walls I2. The supporting walls I4 rest on and are supported by a flat mat or platform which constitutes the subfoundation for the oven battery.

The coal or other material to be coked is charged into the coking chambers I3 through charging holes I5 located in the top I6 of the oven battery and positioned directly -above and communicating with the coking chambers I3. The charging holes are equipped with the usual removable covers which are removed during .charging of the individual coking chambers and are placed in position to close the tops of said coking chambers during the entire coking operation. The gases evolved in the coking chambers pass 'from the ducts thereof through the usual ascension pipes (not shown) into the usual gas collector main system which communicates with the by-product recovery apparatus.

Referring more particularly to Fig. 1, it will be noted that each heating wall I2 is composed of a plurality of vertical combustion flues formed by transverse ue walls I1. 'I'he flues of each heating wall are operatively disposed in four groups of consecutive ilues, the groups being numbered for convenience 1, 2, 3, and 4, each group of flues being constituted of a like number of flues, :six in the embodiment shown on the drawings, and the nues or each group operating concurrently for ow in the same direction. During one cycle of operation, indicated by the arrows on Fig. 1, the flues of groups I and 3 operate concurrently as inflow lues, while similarly the ilues of groups 2 and 4 operate concurrently as outflow ilues. The tops of flue group I are communicably connected with the tops of ilue groups 2 by a horizontal passage or bus flue I8 while the flues of groups 3 and 4 are interconnected by the horizontal bus flue I9. Bus flues I8 and I9 of each'heating wall are placed in longitudinal alignment at a level somewhat below the usual level of the charge in the coking chambers. The flow through each nue may be regulated by a slide brick or damper brick 2| movable on ledge 22 (Fig. 2) on the sides of the ues to vary the extent of the passage 23 the vertical ues with the horizontal bus flues. Slide or damper bricks 24 are also provided at the base of the ow'from the regenerators, hereinafter described, to fthe flues. Each slide brick 2l or 24 may be advanced moreor less over` the passage 23 or ducts communicating with the regenerators, respectively, through access flues 25 which extend from the tops of the vertical flues. Access ues 25 also afford access to the gas nozzles hereinafter described located in the bottoms of the ues.

The regenerators of the battery are located bethe flues for regulatingl neath the coking chambers I3 and extend crosswise of the battery,1 parallel to the coking chambers I3 between the supporting walls I4. In the middle lengthwise vertical plane of the battery, a vertical partition 21 is positioned, running the full length of the battery and extending all the way from the top of conduit 53, hereinafter more fully described, to the top of the battery. This partition divides the regenerators and connected groups of flues into two sets of inflow and outflow regenerators and flues, the respective sets being located on opposite sides of the battery, thereby permitting control from opposite sides of the battery of the flow of air and gas into and through the regenerators and connected flues.

The regenerators are arranged lengthwise of the battery in series of two regenerators 28, 29 connected to the flues o'f each heating wall, each regenerator being connected to corresponding groups in the heating walls on opposite sides of the coking chamber above. Partition wall 3| (Fig. 1) divides the regenerator sections at the pusher side of the battery with respect to the aforementionedA partition Wall 21 into two sections, numbered for convenience I and 2 (Fig. 1), regenerator section I being connected to group I of the fiues and regenerator section 2 being connected to group 2 of the ues in the pair of heating walls defining the coking chamber above. Likewise, partition wall 32 divides the regenerator sections at the coke side of the battery into two sections, 3 and 4, section 3 being connected to group 3 and section 4 to group 4 of the ues in the pair of heating walls defining the coking chamber above. All the regenerator sections I and 3 during one cycle of operation of the battery operate for inflow into groups I and 3 of the flues, respectively, the products of combustion passing down through groups 2 and 4 into regenerator sections 2 and 4, respectively, which operate for outflow. Thus, crosswise of the battery, the regenerator sections alternate as inflow and outow regenerator sections and longitudinally of the battery the regenerator sections in longitudinal alignment are all in thesame phase.

When operating with an extraneously derived gas as the fuel burned in the flues, regenerators 29 preheat producer or other extraneously derived gas and the regenerators 28 preheat the air necessary for combustion of the gas in the flues. When operating with fuel gas fed directly 'to the ilues through the gas channels 33, 33', 34,34', hereinafter more fully described, both regenerators 28, 29 connected to the fiues of each heating wall are preferably used to preheat air admixed with a neutral gaseous diluent, such as waste gas, fed to the ues.

Each .section of the regenerators 28, 29 is connected with its group of nues through a horizontal sole flue or passage 35 which, as shown in Fig. 2, may be substantially. triangular in section. The base of passage 35 communicates with the regenerator section below through a plurality of spaced ports or points 36, preferably one port for each ue connected to the sole passage 35. From the sides of the sole ue 35 lead upwardly extending ducts 31, one individual to each nua-the ducts leading into the bases of the irlues, the ducts from the regenerators 28l mediately below the flues before these media enter the ilues and the mixture burns upwardly in a vertical direction, the flow being under con trol oi the damper or slide bricks 24 in the base of each ue. This arrangement of regenerators and flues results in uniform distribution of the gas tothe individual nues, emcient admixture and burning of the gas and air in the ue, with consequent uniform temperatures in the heating -walls and coking chambers, and also a longer life for the brickwork in the flues since the direction of flow of the gas and air at the points of entry into the iiues is directly upward and the side walls of the flues at the points of entry of gas and air are not in the direct path of flow of the burning gases.

It will be noted that sections I and 3 of regenerators 28 and 29 feed air and gas, respectively, to the inow flue groups I and 3, respectively, the products of combustion passing through the horizontal bus ues I8, I8 through outow ue groups 2 and 4, respectively, into and through regenerator sections 2 and 4, respectively. Thus, during one cycle of operation lengthwise `of the'battery, sections I and 3 of regenerators 28 and 28 are inflow air and gas regenerators, respectively, and regenerator sections 2 and 4 are outflow waste gas regenerators, respectively. Upon reversal, the regenerators and connected ues operating for inflow become outflow regenerators and iiues, and those operating for outow become inow regenerators and ues. Reversal of ow in the regenerators takes place crosswise of the battery between sections I and 2 on the one hand and sections 3 and 4 on the other hand, so that during one cycle, regenerator sections I and 3 operate for inflow and 2 and 4 for outflow, and upon the next cycle, sections 2 and 4 operate for inow and I and 3 for outiow. 'Ihe regenerator sections are thus heatedI in alternation by the hot combustion products that pass out from the combustion ues and then impart such heat to the medium fed therethrough into the combustion ii'ues.

Each regenerator is a chamber containing brickwork commonly called checkerbrick. In

the base of each regenerator is built' up a short partition wall integral with supporting walls I4 as shown in Fig. 2. 'I'he partition wall 38, in effect, provides passages substantially rectangular in cross-section disposed in the base of the regenerators 28 and 28, openings being formed in the partition walls 3|, 21, and 32 where the passages extend therethrough.

The structure of the passages in the base of the regenerators and the connections between these passages and chimney ues 4I and 42 located on the pusher and coke sides of the battery, respectively, are best shown in Figs. 1 and 3 and since this structure is identical for all regenerator pairs 28, 28, it will be described in detail in connection with only one such pair.. Viewing the pair of regenerators at the base of Fig. 3, it will be noted that passage 43 is provided in the base of section I, regenerator 28, the top of this passage being in open communicationvwith the regenerator section, end 44 thereof terminating at the partition wall 3| and the other end being ing passages 43 into communication with the chimney iiue 4|, and a gas valve 45, shown in dotted lines, for each regenerator 28 to permit iiow of gas from-gas main 5| into the gals regenerator 28. -The valve structures, since per se ythey form no part of the present invention, are shown diagrammatically on the drawings. It will be understood that the valves for all the regenerators are interconnected and operated from a common source, upon reversal valves 41 being fully opened, as shown to the right of Fig. 1, 'while valves 48 and 48 are simultaneously closed. 'I'he structure oi' the valves and manifold associated with chimney ue 42 is identical with that hereinabove described.

Operating with lean gas burned in the flues, air ilows through the valve port controlled by valve 45, into passage 43, and thence to section I of regenerators 28. Lean gas ilows from the main 5| into a conduit or passage 52 in the base of section I of each gas regenerator 28. One end of passage 52 is defined by the partition wall 3|, i. e., terminates at this partition wall; the other end communicates with themanifold 45; and the top is in open communication with the 'regenerator section I. The gas and air, as hereinabove described, pass through regenerator section I, up through group I of the fiues; the products of combustion pass down through group 2 of the fiues into regenerator sections 2 of regenerators 28, 29. Regenerator section 2 of regenerator 28 has a conduit or passage 53 in line with conduit 43 of section I. conduit 53 is closed by partition 3|, i. e., terminates at partition 3|, as shown in Fig. 1. 'I'he top is in open communication with the regenerator section 2 and the passage extends through walls 21 and 32 into communication with the manifold 45 on the coke side of the battery. In

regenerator section 2 of the gas regenerator 28,

conduit 54 leads from the base of the regenerator, through partition walls 21, 32, into manifold 45 on the coke side of the battery.

Apassage or conduit 55 extends from the manifold 45 on the pusher side of the battery through the side wall of the battery and the partition walls 3| and 21 into communication with section 3 of regenerator 28. 'Ihe top of passage 55 within regenerator section 3 is open so that this conduit is in communication with this regenerator section. Conduit 55 ends at the wall 32. The fourth regenerator section is provided' with a short conduit 56 open at its top and leading into manifold 45 at the coke side of the battery. Similarly, regenerator sections 3 of regenerators 23 are provided with passages 51 leading from the manifold on the pusher side of the battery through walls 3|, 21, terminating at wall 32 and in open communication through its top with sections 3 of regenerators 23. A short conduit 58, similar to conduit 56, places section 4 of regenerators 28 into communication with the manifold on the coke side of the battery.

The iiow through the conduits or passages and connected regenerators is indicated diagrammatically on Fig. 3. The letters A and G placed in the conduits indicate the flow of air and gas, respectively, in the conduit in which they are positioned. The letters A' and G' indicate flow of air and gas, respectively, in the regenerator section in which they yare positioned. The arrows in full lines indicate iiow into a conduit and connected regenerator. The arrows in dotted lines indicate flow of products of combustion out of regenerators through conduits into the chimney flue in communication therewith.

Thus, referring to Fig. 3, the full line arrow and letter A in conduit 43 indicate a ilow of air 4 f from' the atmospheric into this conduit. The letter A in regenerator-section Inindicate's iiow of airV from conduit 43' into this section. The full line arrow and letter G in conduit 52 indicate riow or gas from the gas main Il into this eonduit, and the letter Cl in regenerator section of regenerator 29 indicates flow o! gas in this regener-l ator section. As above described, the gas and air iiow into group i of the heating nues above regen- -erator section l, the resultant products of combustion flowing down through group 2 into regenerator sections 2. as indicated by the letters P'C'. The dotted line arrows in conduit 33 and lettere PC in this conduit indicate ow of products or combustion therethrough into the chimney iiue at the coke side of the battery. Likewise, the dotted line arrows in conduit E4 and letters PC indicate ow of prod ots of combustion there= through to the .chimney iiue at the coke side of the battery. Full line arrows and letters A and G inl conduits 55 and 51, respectively, indicate iiow of air and gas, respectively, into regenerator sections 3 of regenerators 28 and 29. Dotted line arrows and letters PC in short conduits 56 and '58, respectively, indicate iiow of products of coin.- 'bustion from regenerator sections 4 into the chimney iiue on the coke side of the battery. Upon reversal, the conduits serving for inow become outiiow conduits and ow occurs in the short conduits 56, 58 into regenerator sections 4 and in the longer conduits 53, 54 into regenerator sections 2, the products of combustion passing out of relatively long conduits 55, 51 and short conduits 43, 52, respectively, into the chimney flue at the pusher side of the battery.

Thus, it will be noted that ow in both .con-

duits in sections l and 4 is in the same direction, and since pressure conditions are the same in both conduits, no leakage takes place in these i sections. Hence, leakage losses in the operation of the battery are minimized. This arrangement has the advantage that not more than two channels extend in each regenerator section and that of the four channels leading from the four sec tions, no channel is equal to the width -of the battery, i. e., the distance regenerator section l is positioned from the coke side of the battery; hence, reducing the amount of liriclsworlrl required in the construction of the oven battery. Furthermore, by this arrangement ofthe channels, regenerators and communicating ilues, a positive fixed path of flow through the regenerators l, 2 and the communicating ues and channels, on the one hand, and the regenerators 3, 4 and communicating fiues and channels, on the other, is provided; that is to say, air introduced through channel 4?. flows through lregenerator i, mixes with the gas introduced into group i of the iiues, combustion of the gas in group l of the nues being supported by this air and the resultant products of combustion passing through group 2 of the nues, down through regenerator 2, out through' channel 53 into the chimney ue 42. Upon reversal, air flows through channel 53, up through regenerator 2, supporting combustion of the gas introduced into group 2 of the ues, the resultant products of combustion iiowing down through group i of the fiues, out through regenrator i, channel 43, into chimney flue ill. In like manner, the ow oi.' gas through the gas regenerators I- and 2 and the iiow of air and gas through the regenerators 3 and 4 occurs along a positive fixed path. v

As above indicated, extending crosswise 'of the battery in the heating walls beneath the base oi arcano the heating nues are two series of gas supply channels 33,-'34, and 33', 34'. The pair ci conduits on the pusher side of the battery are connected through valve-controlled connection pipes 8i with gasmain 32, while thepairo channels on-the coke side are connected through valvecontrolled pipes 83 with the gas .main 64. The channels 33, 34 and 3. 34 are for the purpose of supplying coke oven gas to the inflow nues, /channels 33 and 34' supplying groups i and 3 oi the Eues and kchannels 34, 33 supplying groups 2 and 4 when these groups operate for inow. For this purpose -channels 33, 33', 34 and 34 communicate with the ues in the heating walls by ducts 65 (Fig. 2), leading from the channels vindividual to the base of each ue; Within the ducts 65 are disposed the usual gas nozzles. By means of the valve pipes 8l land 63, gas is supplied to the inow operating' ducts 85, it being understood that the gas supply is concurrently maintained in channels 33 and 34', and shutI oilfrom the channels 34 and 33', the supply being reversed with respect to channels 33, 34' and 34, 33' at each reversal.

The channels 33,33', 34 and 34' are provided with decarbonizng valves 1l. These valves may be of anywell known design and for purposes oi illustration one type of valve is shown which comprises a housing 12 on which is mounted a vaive plate 'i3 controlling theow of air from the atmosphere into the channels. Movement of plate 'I3 may be ei'ected by lever 14 pivoted to the housing 'ii at I5 and connected to the plate 13.

To one en'd of lever le is secured a chain it which passes over the sheave il. It will be understood, of course, that a decarbonizing valve is provided for each channel 33, 33', 34 and 34 and that through the chains 1B, the decarbonizing' valves are automatically and concurrently operated to permit flow of air through the hurner nozzles into the outiiow groups of tlues 2 or it as the case may be to decarbonize the burners in such nues and to prevent flow of air into the inflow ues of these two groups. are interconnected with the reversal mechanism vand are automatically operated thereby.

in the ernhodiment'of the invention shown on the drawings, the exterior chimney ues 4l and e2 extend beneath the regenerators longitudinally from the front to the rear of the colse oveny where they empty into a transverse ue 88 (see Figs. 2 and 3) which in turn empties into ue' 81 leading into the chimne.7 88. Auxiliary nues 34 yand 85 extend in parallel relation to the iues' 4l and 42 andare in communication with the latter ilues by means oi channels 8|82 and 83 (see Fig.

empty into the transverse ue 86 which discharges into the chimney 88. The dotted lead lines from reference numerals el, 42, 84 and 85 shown in Fig. 3 indicate the position of the `several iiues with respect to the coke oven and with 'respect to the iiue 88. A damper 89 controls the draught exerted by the chimney 88 on the ilues 4i, 42, 34 and 65, the pressure in which is somewhat below atmospheric.

Air mains 9|, 92 are disposed at the opposite sides of the battery and lead into a comrnon main 93 (Fig: 3) which is supplied with air by means of a motor-operated blower or fan 94 which may be oi any well-known type. Valves 95, 96 disposed in the branches of the main 93 extending from the ian 94 control the volume of air delivere-:i by the blower to the mains 9|, 92. Each main el, 92 communicates with a series of aspi- The chains i6.

Flues 84 and 85,-like ues 4I and d2, also tion 1 offthe lmains 'with-communicating -aspirators at'fbothsides offthe batteryfshown on the draw-- ingsare thesame, the construction andarrange` mentv` ofy thosel on only one'f side of the battery will be described hereinafter. Each manifold 45,l there being one such manifold for each channel43,52,g53, 54, 55, 56, 51, and 58 of each pair of regenerators, has 'extending therethrough an aspirator`98. The aspirator comprises a nozzle 499 communicating through pipe I0I with the air main-9| or 92 as the case may be. The discharge outletI of nozzle 99 extendsinto a conical housing IOI, a clearance space |02 being provided between the-housing IOI and the nozzle 99. The dischargevnozzle 99 and the housing l|0I for the regenerator section 2 shown on Fig. 1 are disposed above the passageway |03 connecting the passage 53 with the chimney :due 42. In like manner; the aspirators for the regenerators communicating with the chimney ue 42 are disposed in the passages connecting these regenerators with this chimney ue and the aspirators for the regenerators communicating with the chim-` ney ilue 4I are disposed in the passages connecting these` regenerators with the chimney Controlling the flow from each air main to the aspirators communicating therewith is a valve |04 having a valve stem |05. All the valve stems on one side of the battery are interconnected and are arranged vtol be concurrently moved from a position shown 'at the'left of Figfi, permitting ow ofv air to the aspirator nozzles 99 to a position (shownv at'the right hand side of Fig. 1),

interrupting the flow offair vfrom the air main to the aspirator`nozzlesf99 A butterfiyyalve |06. each individual to an aspirator Anoazle,is disposed in the` line connecting, the" aspirator vnozzle with the air main and may be adjusted to give a desired controlled volume of air flow from the main to the aspirator. The butterfly 4valves |06 once adjusted for any desired flow are noty changed during a subsequent operation unless it is desired to change the volume of air introduced into the regenerators.

In operation, the butterfly valves |06 are adjusted to give the desired volume of air flow to the aspirators. The air under pressure, which may be less than one pound per square inch and preferably is of the order of three inches of water, expands through the aspirator, the suction thus created causing flow of products of combustion from the chimney ilue- 4I or 42 as the case may be, which are at a pressure somewhat below atmospheric. It will be understood that any adjustment in the volume of air fed to the aspirators by the butteriiy Valve also affects the volume of products of combustion withdrawn through the conical housing of the aspirators by.

the suction created when the air is expanded through the aspirator. Hence, the aspirator mechanism permits accurate control of the volume of air and products of combustion admixed therewith fed to each regenerator.

For operating the battery with an extraneously derived gas, such as producer gas,l as the fuel burned in the ues, sections 1 and 3 of the sev-` eral regenerators 28, 29 during their inflow period are connected to the' producer gas main 5| through the valve-controlled manifold 45 so that the producer gas may be directed into sections I and 3 of the regenerators 29. The supply of coke oven gas to the channels 33, 33', 34, and 34' is, of course, shut off. A supply of producer gas is permittedfi t'o'ilow` into the. inflow regenerator sections |fand13 of regenerators 29, and passing through .these regenerators `is preheated before deliveryfinto the iniiow groups of ues I and 3. Preheated air is delivered to the inow groups I and` lthrough the inflow regenerators 28, which may be supplied with air by the mains 9| and92 or through .valves (not shown) associated with each air regenerator and arranged to place the regenerator into communication with the atmosphere for iniiow of atmospheric air thereinto. During the inflow of producer gas from regenerator sections I and 3 of regenerators 29, and air through the corresponding sections of regenerators 20, waste gas from the outiiow operating ilues 2 and 4 ilow through the outflow regenerator sections 2 and 4 into the chimney flue on the coke side of the oven` battery. On reversal of the flow, the inflow operating regenerators become outflow operating regenerators, and concurrently, the outilow operating regenerators become inflow operating regenerators.

In operating the battery with coke oven gas, the supply of producer gas to the regenerator sections I to 3 of regenerator 29 is cut off and air is permitted to flow into all the iniiow regenerator sections, Coke oven gas is simultaneously fed from the main 62, 64 to channels 33, 34 which feed the iniiow iiues. During one cycle of operation, air is fed from the air main 9| through the aspirators in the channels 43, 55, 51 and 52 of each pair of regenerators, the air admixed with products oi combustion from the chimneyl flue 4| introduced into the regenerator sections combustion'supplied to groups I and 3 of the nues to which coke oven gas is fed-,the products of combustion lpassing throughv regenerator sections 2 and 4 into the chimney flue l42. Upon reversal, airis fed from air main92 through the aspirators into the channels communicating with regenerator sections 2 and 4, the air admixed with products of combustion from the chimney ue 42 flowing through the regenerator sections 2 and 4 into groups 2 and 4 of the iiues into which coke oven gas is simultaneously supplied from the coke oven gas main, the products of combustion passing through groups I and 3 of the flues into regenerator sections I and 3 out into the the combustion fues and arranged in two groups,

one group operating for inflow while the other group simultaneously operates for outflow, a chimney flue with which the outow group of regenerators communicates, an air main for containing air under pressure, passages connecting the iniiow group of regenerators with said chimney flue, and an aspirator individual to each regenerator of the iniiow group oi regenerators, said aspirators communicating with said air main and said passages and arranged to aspirate prodas used in the claims herein,

Cil

ucts of combustion from the passages into the inflow group of regenerators.

2. In a regenerative coke oven battery comprising heating walls and coking chambers arranged side by side in alternate relation, each of said heating walls comprising combustion flues, crosswise extending regenerators disposed beneath the'coking chambers communicating with the combustion fiues and arranged in two groups, one group operating for inow while the other group simultaneously operates for outflow, a chimney flue with which the outflow group of regenerators communicates, an air main for containing air under pressure, passages connect- 15 ing the inflow group of regenerators with said chimney flue, an aspirator, individual to each regenerator of the inow. group of regenerators, communicating with said air main, a valve individual to eachof the regenerators of the inflow group of regenerators for controlling ow of air from'the main to the regenerator communicating therewith, and a valve in each passageway for controlling the amount of products of combustion aspirated into-each inflow regenerator by the expansion of the air introduced into the inow regenerator through the said aspirator.

3. In a regenerative coke oven battery comprising heating walls comprising combustion lines and defining coking chambers, the combustion ilues being arranged in groups, adjacent groups of ues being communicably connected adjacent their top ends and arranged for simultaneous ow of gases therethrough in opposite directions, a regenerator communicably connected with each group of ues, a chimney flue at each side of the coke oven battery, means including passageways connecting one of said chimney ues with one group of regenerators operating for inflow, means including passageways connecting the other of said chimney ilues with remaining regenerators operating for outflow, an air main communicably connected with the inflow group of regenerators, means including an aspirator individual to each of said iniiow regenerators for introducing air from said main Yto said inflow regenerators, said aspirators being located in the passageways connecting the chimney ilue with the inflow group of regenerators, valve means for controlling flow of air through said aspirators and valve means located in each of the passageways between the aspirators and the chimney flue for controlling the amount of products of combustion introduced by said aspirators from the chimney flue into the inflow regenerators.

4. A coke oven battery comprising horizontally elongated coking chambers and heating walls therefor. arranged side by side in a row in alternate relation, each of said heating walls comprising a plurality of equal groups of vertical combustion'flues, the individual nes of eaclr group being concurrently operable for flow in one direction while the flues of an adjacent group are operable for flow in the opposite direction, the groups of ues arranged for simultaneous flow in one direction alternating with the groups of ilues for simultaneous flow inthe opposite direction, each group of ilues arranged for flow in one direction being connected with a contiguousY group of ilues arranged for simultaneous iiow in the opposite direction, a regenerator system beneath said coking chambers comprising regenerators communicably connected with said ilues and arranged in rows, each row extending crosswise of the battery, there being one regenerator in each row for each group of nues, a chimney iiue at each side of the battery, a pair of passages leading from the chimney ilue at one side of the battery to alternate regenerators of each row beginning with the regenerator immediately adjacent to said chimney flue at the said one side of the battery, each of said passages being individual to a regenerator, located in the base thereof, communicably connected therewith and terminating at the end walls of the regenerators remote from the said chimney flue at the said one side of the battery, and a pair of passages communicably connecting the remaining regenerators of each row to the chimney flue at the other side of the battery, each of said passages being individual to a regenerator, located in the base thereof and leading from the end wall of the regenerator remote from the said chimney flue at the said other side of the battery to said chimney flue, each passage at each side of the battery leading to a manifold which communicates with a chimney flue at the side of the battery at which the manifold is disposed, an aspirator in each manifold at each side of the battery, an air main at each side of the battery communicably connected with the aspirators at each side of the battery, the discharge outlet of each aspirator being disposed in the passageway connecting the manifold with the chimney flue, and a valve individual to each manifold for controlling flow of air from the air main.

5. A coke oven battery comprising cokingchambers and heating walls therefor arranged side by side in a row in. alternate relation, each of said heating walls comprising vertical combustion flues disposed in two exterior and two interior groups of consecutively operable ues, the individual ues of each group being concurrently operable for ow in the same direction, alternating groups of ues being simultaneously operable for ow in the same direction, and the'contiguous groups of fiues being simultaneously operable for flow in opposite directions, each group of ues being connected with a contiguous group of outflow ues and a regenerator system beneath said coking chambers comprising regenerators arranged in rows of four, each row extending crosswise of the battery, each regenerator being individual to and communicably connected with two groups of ues, one on each' side of the coking chamber thereabove, a pair of passages leading from the chimney flue at one side of the'battery to alternate regenerators of each row beginning with the regenerator immediately adjacent to said chimney flue at the said one side of the battery, each of said passages being individual tda regenerator, located in the base thereof, communicably connected therewith and terminating at the end walls of the regenerators remote from the said chimney flue at the said one side of the battery, land a pair of passages communicably connecting the remaining rel generators of each row to the chimney ue at the other side of the battery, each of said passages being individual to a regenerator, located in the base thereof and leading from the end wall of theregenerator remote from the said chimney flue at the said other side of the battery to said chimney flue, each passage at each side of the battery leading to a manifold which communicates vwith a chimney ue at the side of the battery at which the manifold is disposed, an aspirator in each manifold at each side of the battery, an air main at each side of the battery communicably connected with the aspirators at each side of the battery, the .discharge outlet of each aspirator being disposed in the passageway connecting the manifold with thechimney flue. a valve individual to each manifold for controlling flow of air from the air main, and a second valve in each passageway connecting a chimney ue Jwith a regenerator for controlling flow from the chimney iiue to the communicating regenerator.

6. In a coke oven battery involving heating walls and coking chambers, each oi' the heating walls comprising combustion ues arranged in two groups, one operating for inflow and the other operating for outflow, means for feedingair to the inflow iiu'es, means for controlling the volume of air fed to the iniiow iiues of each heating wall independently of the control of a'ir fed to the inflow ues of the other heating walls, means for mixing a neutral 'gaseous diluent with the air supplied to the inflow flues of each heating wall, and means for controlling the volume of neutral gaseous diluent supplied to the inflow ilues of each heating wall independently of the feed of neutral gaseous diluent to the inflow fines of other heating walls, whereby the ratio of air to neutral gaseous diluent fed to one heating wall may be controlled independently of the ratio of air to neutral' gaseous diluent i'ed to the other heating walls. CHARLES V. MCINTIRE. 

